Artificial intelligence is "an unstoppable force" that is being weaponized in ways that fall just short of traditional warfare, the U.K. cyberspying chief warned Wednesday.

Anne Keast-Butler, director of the communications intelligence agency GCHQ, said that Britain and its allies are in "a space between peace and war" as Russia increases its "daily hybrid activity" against the West — even as Russian combat deaths in Ukraine approach 500,000.

She said that the West risks losing the conflict in cyberspace against Russia and other adversaries, unless citizens, companies and governments treat cybersecurity with much greater urgency.

"I've spent three decades working in national security, and the risk of miscalculation is as high as I've ever seen it," Keast-Butler said in a speech at a World War II code-breaking center near London.

She said that "tech companies are releasing AI-driven innovations at a remarkable pace, with untold consequences, as algorithms are weaponized often just below the threshold of traditional warfare."

"AI is an unstoppable force with great opportunity," she added. "But it is also a force with risks."

Keast-Butler singled out Russia as a threat, accusing Moscow of "relentlessly targeting critical infrastructure, democratic processes, supply chains and public trust," as well as stealing technology and plotting sabotage and assassination attempts.

"Russia is scaling up its daily hybrid activity against the U.K. and Europe, stretching from the seabed to cyberspace," she told an audience of computing experts, diplomats, journalists and senior officials.

She said that one focus for British spies is "exposing Russia's intent, motive and underwater capabilities" to target undersea telecoms cables and energy pipelines.

At the same time, she said that Russian troops are "going backwards on the battlefield," with new intelligence suggesting "almost half a million Russian soldiers" have been killed since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine on Feb. 24, 2022.